• Users Online: 79249
  • Home
  • Print this page
  • Email this page

   Table of Contents      
CASE REPORT
Year : 1988  |  Volume : 36  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 35-36

Acquired double depressor palsy following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis


Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110 029, India

Correspondence Address:
Prem Prakash
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110 029
India
Login to access the Email id

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


PMID: 3253199

Rights and PermissionsRights and Permissions
  Abstract 

A case of acquired unilateral double depressor palsy following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis is reported.

Keywords: Acute hacmorrhixgieic Cuu-etivitis epidemic, double depressor palsy


How to cite this article:
Prakash P, Menon V M, Gupta A K, Kumar A. Acquired double depressor palsy following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 1988;36:35-6

How to cite this URL:
Prakash P, Menon V M, Gupta A K, Kumar A. Acquired double depressor palsy following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Indian J Ophthalmol [serial online] 1988 [cited 2024 Mar 29];36:35-6. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ijo/pages/default.aspx/text.asp?1988/36/1/35/26165


  Introduction Top


Double depressor palsy is a rare disorder and is always congenital Two cases of acquired double depressor palsy have been described: [5],[7] one case each of acquired double depressor palsy due to trauma and hypertension respec­tively. The aim of this report is to dowment yet another case of acquired double depressor palsy, following an attack of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis during the epidemic in Delhi in July 1981.


  Case report Top


MP., a 34-year old male, had bilateral haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in July 1981. During the attack he noticed vertical diplopia in straight and down gaze. The conjun­ctivitis disappeared in 10 days but the diplopia persisted. There was no history of any other neurologic deficit.

The patient reported at our Centre in June 1984 for his visual complaints of diplopia. On examination the visual acuity was 6/6 in each eye. The anterior segment and fundus were normal The left upper lid was 2 mm higher as compared to the right upper lid There was left hypertropia of 19° with the, right eye fixating and right hypotropia of 20° with left fixating The ocular move­ments [Figure - 1] indicated an underaction of the superior oblique and inferior rectus muscles of the left eye which is also indicated in the Hess chart [Figure - 2]. A forced duction test ruled out any mechanical restriction Systemic examination revealed no neurologic deficit.

A haemogram, blood sugar, x-rays of the skull, para­nasal sinuses, superior orbital fissures and CAT scan revealed no abnormality.

In the left eye, a 4 mm recession of the superior rectus and 8 mm recession of the inferior oblique was per­formed. A 5 mm resection of the inferior rectus of the left eye was done after one week with good alignment


  Discussion Top


Double depressor palsy as such is a rare entity. The acquired type has been described only twice. [5],[7]. Lyle and Wybars attributed their case to orbital injury whereas the case reported by Nayak et al [l] was due to hypertension.

This case had vertical diplopia of acute onset thus pointing to the acquired nature of the double depressor palsy.

During the 1971 pandemic about 500,000 cases of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) occurred in India. [3] Patients with acute neurologic syndrome of lumbosacral radiculmyelitis that appeared within 1-4 weeks of AHC were reported [1],[8],[9] These cases appeared shortly after the beginning of AHC epidemic and disappeared with its end However during the same pandemic, no patients with similar neurologic syndrome were seen in Japan

Collaborative studies between the groups of workers from Japan and India established by serologic tests that entrovirus-70 (EV-70) was responsible for both the conjunctivitis and the neurologic symptoms [3].

During the 1981 epidemic in India, Wadia et al from Bombay reported 60 cases with neurological manifest­ations similar to those seen in the 1971 pandemic Manju Nath et a1, [6] and Kono et al, [4] demonstrated EV-70 to be the aetiologic agent in the 1981 AHC epidemic in India

The neurologic syndrome presents in two forms The spinal form which manifests mainly as a lumbosacral radiculomyelitis and cranial form which manifests mainly as cranial nerve palsies.

The examination and investigations done in our patient did not point to any aetiologic factor for acquired double depressor palsy. The concurrence of AHC and diplopia in this case and the proven aetiologic significance of EV­70 virus in causing neurologic symptoms point out that this could be responsible for the double depressor palsy.

The lesion was likely to be nuclear and this can explain a single lesion causing superior oblique and inferior rectus palsy. Midbrain lesions have been produced by acute hemmorhagic conjunctivitis (AH.C.) virus in experi­mental studies on monkeys' and thus a direct corre­lation could be established between the concurrence of haemorrhagic conjunctivitis and double depressor palsy.

 
  References Top

1.
Bharucha EP, Mandkar VP. Neurological complications of a new conjunctivitis. Lancet 2 : 970, 1972.  Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
Kono R Uchida N Saragawa A, Akao Y, Kadama H, Mukoyama J. Fujiwara T Neurovirulence of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus in monkey. Lancet 1 : 61-63. 1973.  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Kono R Miyamura K Tajiri K Shoga S, Sasagava A, Irani PF, Katrak SK Wadia NH. Neurological complications associated with acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus infection and, its neurological confirmation. J. Inf. Dis., 129 (5) :590-593, 1974.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Kono R Miyamura K Ogino T, Wadia NK Katrak SK Mishra VP. Antibody titres to enterovirus type 70 in Indian Epidemic of AHG Lancet 2 424, 1981.  Back to cited text no. 4
    
5.
Lyle Keith and Wybar KG Practical orthoptics in the treatment of squint (and other anomalies of binocular vision) 5th Edition, 519­-521, ILK Lewis & Co. Ltd, London, 1967.  Back to cited text no. 5
    
6.
Manju Nath N, Balaya, Mahajan VM Isolation of Enterovirus-70 during the conjunctivitis epidemic in Delhi in 1981, Ind. J. Med Res., 76, P-653-655, 1982.  Back to cited text no. 6
    
7.
Nayak BY , V. Menon, P. Prakash Acquired double depressor palsy. Ind. J. Ophthalmol., 131 :77-79, 1983.  Back to cited text no. 7
    
8.
Wadia NH, Iran PF, Katrak SM Neurological complications of a new conjunctivitis. Lancet 2 : 970-971, 1972.  Back to cited text no. 8
    
9.
Wadia NM, Iran PF, Katrak SM Lumbosacral radiculomyelitis associated with pandemic acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis Lancet 1 : 350-352, 1973.  Back to cited text no. 9
    


    Figures

  [Figure - 1], [Figure - 2]



 

Top
 
 
  Search
 
    Similar in PUBMED
   Search Pubmed for
   Search in Google Scholar for
 Related articles
    Access Statistics
    Email Alert *
    Add to My List *
* Registration required (free)  

 
  In this article
Abstract
Introduction
Case report
Discussion
References
Article Figures

 Article Access Statistics
    Viewed2997    
    Printed146    
    Emailed0    
    PDF Downloaded0    
    Comments [Add]    

Recommend this journal