| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2015 | Volume
: 63
| Issue : 5 | Page : 432-437 |
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Macular edema in Asian Indian premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity: Impact on visual acuity and refractive status after 1-year
Anand Vinekar1, Shwetha Mangalesh1, Chaitra Jayadev1, Noel Bauer2, Sivakumar Munusamy2, Vasudha Kemmanu1, Mathew Kurian1, Padmamalini Mahendradas1, Kavitha Avadhani1, Bhujang Shetty1
1 Department of Pediatric Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Anand Vinekar
Department of Pediatric Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Bengaluru, Karnataka
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.159879
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Purpose: To report the impact of transient, self-resolving, untreated "macular edema" detected on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in Asian Indian premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) on visual acuity (VA) and refraction at 1-year of corrected age. Materials and Methods: Visual acuity and refraction of 11 infants with bilateral macular edema (Group A) was compared with gestational age-matched 16 infants with ROP without edema (Group B) and 17 preterms infants without ROP and without edema (Group C) at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of corrected age using Teller Acuity Cards and cycloplegic retinoscopy. Sub-group analysis of the previously described pattern A and B macular edema was performed. Results: Visual acuity was lower in infants with macular edema compared with the other two control groups throughout the study period, but statistically significant only at 3 months. Visual improvement in these infants was highest between the 3 rd and 6 th month and plateaued by the end of the 1 st year with acuity comparable to the other two groups. The edema cohort was more hyperopic compared to the other two groups between 3 and 12 months of age. Pattern A edema had worse VA compared to pattern B, although not statistically significant. Conclusion: Macular edema, although transient, caused reduced VA as early as 3 months of corrected age in Asian Indian premature infants weighing <2000 g at birth. The higher hyperopia in these infants is possibly due to visual disturbances caused at a critical time of fovealization. We hypothesize a recovery and feedback mechanism based on the principles of active emmetropization to explain our findings. |
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