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LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Year : 2016  |  Volume : 64  |  Issue : 5  |  Page : 406-407

Comment on: Bilateral lateral rectus myotoxicity after retrobulbar anesthesia


Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Date of Web Publication6-Jul-2016

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Madhurima K Nayak
C II 12, KMC Staff Quarters, Light House Hill Road, Mangalore - 575 002, Karnataka
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.185633

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How to cite this article:
Nayak MK. Comment on: Bilateral lateral rectus myotoxicity after retrobulbar anesthesia. Indian J Ophthalmol 2016;64:406-7

How to cite this URL:
Nayak MK. Comment on: Bilateral lateral rectus myotoxicity after retrobulbar anesthesia. Indian J Ophthalmol [serial online] 2016 [cited 2024 Mar 28];64:406-7. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ijo/pages/default.aspx/text.asp?2016/64/5/406/185633

Sir,

The article titled, "Large exotropia after retrobulbar anesthesia," by Kim and Kim [1] is well-written and a very rare and an interesting one. I commend the authors for the workup of the case and its management.

An observation made is that lateral rectus alone is affected in both the eyes. Due to similarity, though asymmetry, of affection, a question, whether the muscle and the individual are susceptible to myotoxicity, is raised. Direct injection into the muscle is another possibility which can be ruled out if the extraocular movements were tested after inserting the needle and before injecting the anesthetic.

Myotoxicity either due to injection of anesthetic into the muscle or its proximity causes degeneration followed by regeneration of muscles in a span of 3-4 weeks as shown by some studies [2],[3] whereas permanent restriction was reported in a few cases. [4],[5] In the present case, there was progressive deterioration of contracture of lateral recti which is a rare phenomenon.

The right eye was operated first followed by the left. Was there any restriction of movements noted in the gap of 1 month? It is also not clear, exotropia was observed after how many days following surgery. This information provided by the authors may help practitioners to anticipate and correlate the condition. Histologically, there is the appearance of macrophages within the muscle fibers which phagocytose fragmented cytoplasm, seen as early as 14 hours. [2] The role of inhibitors of macrophage recruitment to the site of inflammation has to be elucidated in future. At molecular level, increased intracellular Ca 2+ appears to be a necessary element in myotoxicity. [3] Hence, intervention at molecular level may open doors to such myotoxicity.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

 
  References Top

1.
Kim CH, Kim US. Large exotropia after retrobulbar anesthesia. Indian J Ophthalmol 2016;64:91-2.  Back to cited text no. 1
[PUBMED]  Medknow Journal  
2.
Benoit PW, Belt WD. Destruction and regeneration of skeletal muscle after treatment with a local anaesthetic, bupivacaine (Marcaine). J Anat 1970;107(Pt 3):547-56.  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Zink W, Graf BM. Local anesthetic myotoxicity. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:333-40.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Rainin EA, Carlson BM. Postoperative diplopia and ptosis. A clinical hypothesis based on the myotoxicity of local anesthetics. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:1337-9.  Back to cited text no. 4
[PUBMED]    
5.
Capó H, Roth E, Johnson T, Muñoz M, Siatkowski RM. Vertical strabismus after cataract surgery. Ophthalmology 1996;103:918-21.  Back to cited text no. 5
    




 

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