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COMMENTARY |
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Year : 2018 | Volume
: 66
| Issue : 6 | Page : 798 |
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Effect of wet-laboratory training on resident-performed manual small-incision cataract surgery
Parikshit Gogate
Department of Ophthalmology, Padmashree D. Y. Patil Medical College; Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr. Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Date of Web Publication | 22-May-2018 |
Correspondence Address: Dr. Parikshit Gogate Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr. Gogate's Eye Clinic, 102, Kumar Garima, Tadiwala Road, Pune - 411 001, Maharashtra India
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_702_18
How to cite this article: Gogate P. Effect of wet-laboratory training on resident-performed manual small-incision cataract surgery. Indian J Ophthalmol 2018;66:798 |
Manual small-incision cataract surgery is the most commonly taught cataract surgery in Indian ophthalmic residency training programs.[1],[2] Pradeep et al. need to be congratulated for such a meticulous study on the effect of wet-laboratory training in this important field.[3] Residents in many training programs in India, and worldwide, do not get an opportunity to perform enough number of cataract surgeries, under supervision and independently, to groom them into confident and proficient surgeons.[1],[2],[4] Fewer opportunities to operate upon cataracts translate into poor proficiency and an inability to deal with the unexpected and poorer visual outcomes, setting up a downward spiral. Poorly trained residents get less opportunity postresidency for fellowships and senior residency and consultancy positions. Many remain locked in the vicious circle of their skill deficit.
Pradeep et al. have shown that residents who had spent time in wet-laboratories had lesser complications and improved visual outcomes after cataract surgery. Their study demonstrates that incidence of posterior capsular rent, vitreous loss, and aphakia reduced, while immediate postoperative visual acuity after cataract surgery improved! The difference was most marked in the 2nd-year residents who were more likely to operate independently than the 1st-year ones who performed surgery under closer supervision. The residents who performed initial steps on goat's eyes, under an operating microscope, improved their hand–eye co-ordination, got the feel of the tissue, and came to know what to do if things went awry (button holing or premature entry during tunnel construction and extension of capsulorhexis). However, they were not able to explain why microcystic edema was more in Group B, those who were trained in wet-laboratory first.
Wet-laboratories can also be used for noncataract surgeries which are performed even less sparingly in residency programs, like for trabeculectomy and strabismus. A training program in the USA used commercially available bacon as an extraocular muscle substitute and cadaveric pig eyes for conjunctival and scleral tissue for teaching strabismus surgery.[5] Cigarette carton transparent covers and boiled tomato and potato peels have been used in India to teach capsulorhexis.
Simulators are an excellent option for teaching phacoemulsification but are expensive and not easily available. A New York-based not-for-profit organization, HelpMeSee, has developed a simulator for tunnel making in manual small-incision cataract surgery. However, till now, such simulators are not readily available; wet-laboratories can be an excellent alternative in making cataract surgery training easier and safer. There is a need to mandate the establishment and use of wet-laboratory facility in ophthalmology residency training in India, if the country is to tackle its enormous backlog of cataract blindness by improving surgical outcomes.
References | | |
1. | Gogate P, Deshpande M, Dharmadhikari S. Which is the best method to learn ophthalmology? Resident doctors' perspective of ophthalmology training. Indian J Ophthalmol 2008;56:409-12. [ PUBMED] [Full text] |
2. | Gogate P, Biswas P, Natarajan S, Ramamurthy D, Bhattacharya D, Golnik K, et al. Residency evaluation and adherence design study: Young ophthalmologists' perception of their residency programs – Clinical and surgical skills. Indian J Ophthalmol 2017;65:452-60. [ PUBMED] [Full text] |
3. | Ramani S, Pradeep TG, Sundaresh DD. Effect of wet-laboratory training on resident performed manual small-incision cataract surgery. Indian J Ophthalmol 2018;66:793-7. [Full text] |
4. | Young AL, Jhanji V, Liang Y, Congdon N, Chow S, Wang F, et al. Asurvey of perceived training differences between ophthalmology residents in Hong Kong and China. BMC Med Educ 2015;15:158. |
5. | White CA, Wrzosek JA, Chesnutt DA, Enyedi LB, Cabrera MT. A novel method for teaching key steps of strabismus surgery in the wet lab. J AAPOS 2015;19:468-700. [ PUBMED] |
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