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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2019  |  Volume : 67  |  Issue : 12  |  Page : 1983-1987

Evaluation of PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in aggressive eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma and its clinical significance


1 Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
2 Department of Ocular Pathology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Perumal Jayaraj
Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi (South Campus), Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi - 110 021
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2056_18

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Purpose: Eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is an aggressive but rare malignancy of ocular region. Over-expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 has been demonstrated in a variety of solid tumors including conjunctival melanoma. PD-L1 is an immunoinhibitory molecule that suppresses the effective T cells response against tumor antigen leading to the progression of tumors. Inhibitors of the interaction of PD-L1 and PD-1 are associated with good clinical response various carcinomas. The prognostic value of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in SGC remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate expressions of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 in SGC and correlate its expression with clinicopathological features and patients survival. Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 was evaluated in 30 SGC cases. Results: PD-L1 immunopositivity was detected in 41.9% of the SGC cases. PD-1 expression in tumor infiltrative lymphocytes (TILs) was observed in 53.3% samples. Tumor PD-L1 positivity, PD-1 expression in TILs and tumor size (>10 mm) was associated with reduced disease-free survival. On multivariate analysis only tumor size (>10 mm) and a combined positivity of PD-L1 in tumor cells and PD-1 in TILs with an odds ratio of 5.212 (95% confidence interval 1.449-18.737) continued to be significantly associated with SGC recurrence. Conclusion: PD-L1 is overexpressed in 50% of SGC cases. The combined tumor PD-L1 positivity and TILs showing PD-1 expression within the same SGC patient's samples predict high-risk SGC, suggesting that the up-regulation of PD-L1 in tumor cells and PD-1 positivity within the same SGC patient may aggravate tumor recurrence.


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