• Users Online: 55893
  • Home
  • Print this page
  • Email this page

   Table of Contents      
PHOTO ESSAY
Year : 2020  |  Volume : 68  |  Issue : 4  |  Page : 647-649

Retinochoroidal fold with severe discedema in a case of posterior scleritis


Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

Date of Submission28-May-2019
Date of Acceptance13-Oct-2019
Date of Web Publication16-Mar-2020

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rohan Chawla
Room No. S3, First Floor, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi - 110 029
India
Login to access the Email id

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1013_19

Rights and Permissions

Keywords: Disc edema, orbital pseudotumor, posterior scleritis, retinochoroidal folds


How to cite this article:
Kumawat D, Chawla R, Hasan N. Retinochoroidal fold with severe discedema in a case of posterior scleritis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020;68:647-9

How to cite this URL:
Kumawat D, Chawla R, Hasan N. Retinochoroidal fold with severe discedema in a case of posterior scleritis. Indian J Ophthalmol [serial online] 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 28];68:647-9. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ijo/pages/default.aspx/text.asp?2020/68/4/647/280786



A 14-year-old male patient presented with acute-onset painful diminution of vision and redness in left eye for past 1 week. The left eye had visual acuity of 20/80, relative afferent pupillary defect, some limitation of abduction, mild proptosis, diffuse conjunctival congestion, 2+ anterior chamber cells, few retrolental cells, severe disc edema [Figure 1]a, annular white peripapillary fold (likely sclerachoroidal infolding), and radiating peripapillary retinochoroidal folds [Figure 1]a. The right eye examination was unremarkable. The possible differentials included posterior scleritis or orbital inflammatory pseudotumor.[1],[2]
Figure 1: Fundus imaging of a 14-year-old male patient with posterior scleritis in the left eye. (a) Color fundus photograph shows severe disc edema, circumferential white ring of tissue infolding (white arrowheads), radiating peripapillary retinochoroidal folds. (b) USG B scan shows increased ocular coat thickness at the posterior pole and a “T” sign (yellow arrows). (c) OCT radial line scan along the axis highlighted by the white arrow in the subfigure “a” shows elevated contour of the optic disc and peripapillary retina with retinal folds and obtunded foveal dip (white arrow). The arrowheads point to the sharp deflection of retinal pigment epithelium and correspond to the white ring seen in the color photograph

Click here to view


Ultrasonography (USG) B scan showed sclerochoroidal thickening at posterior pole and a positive “T” sign [Figure 1]b. The architecture of posterior pole was distorted on swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT, DRI, Triton, Topcon Inc.) [Figure 1]c. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of orbit revealed posterior scleral thickening with postcontrast enhancement, normal extraocular muscles, and preserved fat planes. A diagnosis of left eye diffuse posterior scleritis with coexistent anterior uveitis was made.

After systemic evaluation, the patient was started on oral corticosteroids, topical steroids, and topical cycloplegic. At 1 week, visual acuity improved to 20/30. Disc edema and peripapillary retinochoroidal folds had nearly disappeared [Figure 2]a. USG B scan showed a near-resolution of “T” sign [Figure 2]b. SS-OCT showed a significant decrease in disc elevation [Figure 2]c. Oral and topical steroids were gradually tapered over 6 weeks. At the last visit (2 months), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 20/20 in left eye with normal optic disc and peripapillary retina.
Figure 2: Fundus imaging after 1 week course of systemic corticosteroids. (a) Color fundus photograph shows resolved disc edema and resolved peripapillary retinochoroidal folds. Few faint retinal striae could be seen at the macula. (b) USG B scan of the posterior segment shows decreased thickness of the ocular coats at the posterior pole, a near complete resolution of the episcleral fluid (yellow arrows), and restoration of the normal optic nerve shadow. (c) Swept source optical coherence tomography scan (radial) along the axis highlighted by the white arrow in the subfigure “a” shows decrease in the disc elevation and resolution of peripapillary retinal folds. The retinal architecture and foveal dip (white arrow) is restored

Click here to view


Posterior scleritis often presents with disc edema, circumferential choroidal folds, and retinal straie.[1],[3],[4] The present case was unusual as it had pathological disc elevation and marked annular tissue infolding around the disc. Therefore, it was imperative to rule out compressive intraorbital lesions with imaging. The involvement of extraocular muscles and fat planes was also not evident which ruled out any significant component of pseudotumor. Posterior scleritis needs urgent treatment with systemic steroids.[1],[3] A rapid and thorough clinical examination and orbital imaging is therefore required in such cases to reach a diagnosis and start appropriate treatment.

Declaration of patient consent

The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.



 
  References Top

1.
Benson WE. Posterior scleritis. Surv Ophthalmol 1988;32:297-316.  Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
Chaudhry IA, Shamsi FA, Arat YO, Riley FC. Orbital pseudotumor: distinct diagnostic features and management. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2008;15:17-27.  Back to cited text no. 2
[PUBMED]  [Full text]  
3.
Machado D de O, Curi AL, Bessa TF, Campos WR, Oréfice F. [Posterior scleritis: clinical features, systemic association, treatment and evolution of 23 patients]. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2009;72:321-6.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Biswas J, Mittal S, Ganesh SK, Shetty NS, Gopal L. Posterior scleritis: Clinical profile and imaging characteristics. Indian J Ophthalmol 1998;46:195.  Back to cited text no. 4
[PUBMED]  [Full text]  


    Figures

  [Figure 1], [Figure 2]


This article has been cited by
1 Pediatric Scleritis: An Update
Maria Tarsia, Carla Gaggiano, Elisa Gessaroli, Salvatore Grosso, Gian Marco Tosi, Bruno Frediani, Luca Cantarini, Claudia Fabiani
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2022; : 1
[Pubmed] | [DOI]



 

Top
 
 
  Search
 
    Similar in PUBMED
   Search Pubmed for
   Search in Google Scholar for
 Related articles
    Access Statistics
    Email Alert *
    Add to My List *
* Registration required (free)  

 
  In this article
References
Article Figures

 Article Access Statistics
    Viewed1680    
    Printed34    
    Emailed0    
    PDF Downloaded202    
    Comments [Add]    
    Cited by others 1    

Recommend this journal