Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year
: 2012  |  Volume : 60  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 189--193

Effects of hydroquinone on retinal and vascular cells in vitro


Ashish Sharma1, Jayaprakash A Patil2, Ana L Gramajo3, Gail M Seigel4, Baruch D Kuppermann6, Cristina M Kenney6 
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Lotus Eye Care Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Royal Lancaster Infirmary, University Hospitals of Morecambe NHS Trust, Lancaster, United Kingdom
3 Departamento de Oftalmologia, Fundacion VER, Cordoba, Argentina
4 University at Buffalo, Center for Hearing and Deafness, Buffalo, NY, USA

Correspondence Address:
Cristina M Kenney
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Irvine, Medical Center, 101 The City Drive, Orange, CA 92868, USA

Aim: To explore the molecular pathophysiology that might explain the epidemiologic association between cigarette smoke and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by examining the effects of hydroquinone (HQ), a toxic compound present in high concentration in cigarette smoke-related tar, on human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19), rat retinal neurosensory cells (R-28), and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). Materials and Methods: ARPE-19, R-28, and HMVEC were treated for 24 h with four different concentrations of HQ (500 μM, 200 μM, 100 μM, 50 μM). Cell viability, caspase-3/7 activation, DNA laddering patterns, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were analyzed. Results: At 50 μM HQ, R-28 cells showed a significant decrease in cell viability compared with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated controls. At the 100-500 μM concentrations, all three cell lines showed significant cell death (P < 0.001). In the ARPE-19, R-28, and HMVEC cultures, the caspase-3/7 activities were not increased at any of the HQ concentration. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the mechanism of cell death in all three cell lines was through non-apoptotic pathway. In addition, neuroretinal R-28 cells were more sensitive to HQ than the ARPE-19 and HMVEC cultures.


How to cite this article:
Sharma A, Patil JA, Gramajo AL, Seigel GM, Kuppermann BD, Kenney CM. Effects of hydroquinone on retinal and vascular cells in vitro.Indian J Ophthalmol 2012;60:189-193


How to cite this URL:
Sharma A, Patil JA, Gramajo AL, Seigel GM, Kuppermann BD, Kenney CM. Effects of hydroquinone on retinal and vascular cells in vitro. Indian J Ophthalmol [serial online] 2012 [cited 2024 Mar 30 ];60:189-193
Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ijo/pages/default.aspx/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2012;volume=60;issue=3;spage=189;epage=193;aulast=Sharma;type=0