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   1996| April-June  | Volume 44 | Issue 2  
 
 
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OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE
Practical approach to diagnosis of strabismus
Ravi Thomas, Andrew Braganza, Thomas George
April-June 1996, 44(2):103-112
PMID:8916600
  33,537 1 -
CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY
Neuronal basis of amblyopia: A review
John Grigg, Ravi Thomas, Frank Billson
April-June 1996, 44(2):69-76
PMID:8916592
Amblyopia is an acquired defect in vision due to an abnormal visual experience during a sensitive period of visual development. The neuronal basis of amblyopia is the study of the effects of "abnormal" environmental influences on the genetically programmed development of the visual processing system. Visual pathway development commences with ganglion cells forming the optic nerve. The process that guides these neurones initially to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and then onto the visual cortex is genetically programmed. Initially this process is influenced by spontaneously generated impulses and neurotrophic factors. Following birth, visual stimuli modify and refine the genetically programmed process. Exposure to the visual environment includes the risk of abnormal inputs. Abnormal stimuli disrupt the formation of patterned inputs allowing alteration of visual cortical wiring with reduction in ocular dominance columns driven by the abnormal eye. Correction of the abnormal visual input and penalisation of the "normal" input is the mainstay of therapy for amblyopia. Further understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of a normal visual processing system will allow trialing therapies for amblyopia not responding to occlusion therapy. Levodopa is one agent providing insights into recovery of visual function for short periods in apparently mature visual systems.
  19,930 1 -
CASE REPORT
Opsoclonus - myoclonus syndrome in an adult: A case report and response to clonazepam
RK Garg, AM Kar, V Dixit
April-June 1996, 44(2):101-102
PMID:8916599
  11,017 0 -
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Retinitis pigmentosa genetics: A study in Indian population
Manisha S Vinchurkar, Sudhakar M Sathye, Madhurima Dikshit
April-June 1996, 44(2):77-82
PMID:8916593
A total of 151 retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients from 83 families were screened and the frequencies of different genetic categories studied. One hundred and ten patients out of 151 had a positive inheritance pattern, and autosomal recessive (AR) emerged as the predominant (53 out of 151), genetic pattern followed by isolated or sporadic (41 out of 151) cases. Further study of autosomal recessive cases revealed consanguinity as the main characteristic (49 out of 53) in the Indian population studied. Early onset and severe progression of disease was seen in the consanguineous group.
  7,609 3 -
CASE REPORT
Eye infestation with Thelazia species
J Mahanta, J Alger, P Bordoloi
April-June 1996, 44(2):99-101
PMID:8916598
  6,764 0 -
OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE
Assessment of clinical significance: The number needed to treat
Ravi Thomas, P Padma, Andrew Braganza, Jayaprakash Muliyil
April-June 1996, 44(2):113-115
PMID:8916601
The practising ophthalmologist is frequently confronted with treatment options shown to be "statistically significantly better" than those currently in use. Unfortunately what is statistically significant may not necessarily be clinically significant enough for the practitioner to change from the currently preferred method of treatment. In this article we use common ophthalmic examples to introduce the "number needed to treat" (NNT), as a simple clinical approach for the practising ophthalmologist wishing to assess the clinical significance of treatment options.
  5,611 1 -
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A comparative evaluation of pilocarpine 1% and clonidine 0.125% versus timolol 0.5%
R Sihota, HC Agarwal, YL Rajashekar
April-June 1996, 44(2):87-89
PMID:8916595
All the presently available antiglaucoma medications have either local or systemic adverse effects. Combinations of drugs are being used not only to increase the effectivity and compliance but also to decrease the incidence and magnitude of side effects. The single dose response of open angle glaucoma eyes to pilocarpine 1%, clonidine 0.125%, a combination of pilocarpine 1% and clonidine 0.125%, and timolol 0.5% was studied in a double blind, masked, cross over study. Over a period of twelve hours the effectivity of the combination of pilocarpine 1% and clonidine 0.125% was significantly more than that of either drug alone and was found to be similar to that of timolol 0.5%. No local or systemic adverse effects were seen.
  4,902 12 -
Acute phase serum proteins in diabetic retinopathy
M Rema, V Mohan, C Snehalatha
April-June 1996, 44(2):83-85
PMID:8916594
The serum concentration of various acute phase reactants were studied in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with and without retinopathy and in control subjects. The serum levels of haptoglobin was elevated in diabetics with retinopathy and the levels were highest in those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The levels of serum albumin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, alpha-1 antitrypsin and caeruloplasmin were not significantly different between the patients with retinopathy and controls. Haptoglobin increases serum viscosity and this could be the mechanism by which it plays a role in pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. These preliminary observations need to be confirmed by studies based on larger number of patients. Longitudinal studies on acute phase reactants in various stages of development of diabetic retinopathy would also provide valuable information.
  4,868 0 -
CASE REPORT
Acute retinal necrosis syndrome in HIV - positive case: The first case reported from India
Subhadra Jalali, URK Rao, V Lakshmi
April-June 1996, 44(2):95-97
PMID:8916597
  4,291 0 -
COMMUNITY EYE CARE
Experience in pilot project in Purnea District
Hans Limburg, YN Pathak
April-June 1996, 44(2):117-121
PMID:8916602
  3,731 0 -
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Results of intraoperative 5-fluorouracil in patients undergoing trabeculectomy - pilot prial
Binita Shelat, B Sridhar Rao, L Vijaya, B Revathi, Dinesh Garg
April-June 1996, 44(2):91-94
PMID:8916596
To study the effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in glaucoma filtration surgery, 13 eyes of 12 patients with glaucoma were subjected to trabeculectomy with intraoperative one minute exposure of 50 mg/ml 5-FU. The average age of patients was 36.42 ± 18.78 years. Two of the patients had developed hypotony in the fellow eye following the use of Mitomycin C with trabeculectomy. The mean follow-up period was 9.54 ± 5.17 weeks. Two patients developed a shallow anterior chamber with choroidals postoperatively which responded to conservative treatment. One patient developed an encysted bleb one month after surgery. Single one minute intraoperative exposure to 5-FU is a convenient and inexpensive method which appears to have no significant side effects. It may be a useful adjunctive treatment to optimise the results of glaucoma filtration surgery particularly in young and myopic patients. The long term effects, however, are not known.
  3,638 0 -
CASE REPORT
Crohn's disease and central retinal vein occlusion
Hiromasa Igarashi, Chitomi Yanagawa, Sachiko Igarashi
April-June 1996, 44(2):97-99
PMID:8964618
  3,577 5 -
EDITORIAL
The state of the journal
Gullapalli N Rao
April-June 1996, 44(2):67-67
  2,176 0 -