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ARTICLES |
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Year : 1975 | Volume
: 23
| Issue : 4 | Page : 34-35 |
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Hydatid cyst of orbit
SK Jerath
M.B.S. Hospital, Kota, Rajasthan, India
Correspondence Address: S K Jerath M.B.S. Hospital, Kota, Rajasthan India
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None | Check |
PMID: 1031157
How to cite this article: Jerath S K. Hydatid cyst of orbit. Indian J Ophthalmol 1975;23:34-5 |
The modern name of hydatid cyst was used by Rudolphi in 1800 and was derived from the Greek word hydatid meaning a drop of water. Perhaps Hippocrates was the first to give a description of these watery tumours.
Hydatid disease occurs throughout the world; some evidence of it can be found nearly in every country. This is because the dog, the definitive host of Echinococcus granulosus, has its habitat in all latitudes.[1]
Case Report | | |
G-A Hindu female aged 55 was admitted in eye ward, General Hospital, Bundi (Rajasthan) for the treatment of her right eye proptosis of 14 months duration. Patient was also complaining of slight pain for the last one month and diminution of vision for the last six months.
On Examination : Right eye showed an irreducible eccentric proptosis, the eye was pushed up and protruded out. A soft swelling could be palpated which was not adherent to the bone. Right optic disc showed blurring of disc margins and visual acuity was reduced to counting fingers at half metre. Visual acuity in the left eye was 6/12. Other systems did not reveal any abnormality. Laboratory findings were normal except for the eosinophil count which was 6%. X-Ray Skull showed round opaque mass in the right orbit. Exploration was done under local anaesthesia. Incision was given just below the superior orbital margin. There was a tense cystic mass which got punctured accidently and a clear straw coloured fluid came out. The greyish white cyst wall could be taken out.
Histological Examination : Whole mass was sent to S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur for histology. It showed scolices with paired hooklets suggestive of hydatid cyst. Recovery of the patient was uneventful, proptosis subsided but the vision improved only upto finger counting 3 metres.
Discussion | | |
Compared with the other parts of the body, involvement of orbit by hydatid cyst is rare. It constitutes only 0.7% to 1 % of the published cases. Since 1952, only 8 cases of orbital hydatid cysts have been reported in the literature.[3],[4],[5],[6],[7]
According to Duke-Elder,[2] hydatid cyst of orbit, though rare, is responsible for nearly 1 of all orbital growths and proptosis. The cyst may occur in any part of the orbit but more commonly in upper quadrant.
Dog is the optimum definitive host. The larval stage is passed in sheep, cattle, pig or man which represent the intermediate host of the parasite. The eggs swallowed by man, due to intimate handling of the infected dogs, reach the stomach where their walls are digested and active hexacanth embryos hatch out and boring a way through the walls of the gut, enter the portal circulation to reach the liver, the first filter. Due to their large size, the embroys are mostly caught here producing the highest incidence of hydatid cyst in liver. If they escape this filter they are caught in the pulmonary bed, the second filter. If however they escape both these filters they may settle in one or other peripheral parts. This is the reason why the orbital involvement is so rare.
Summary | | |
A case report cf hydatid cyst of orbit has been presented.
Acknowledgment | | |
I am very much thankful to Dr. S.K. Solomon M.D. Chief Medical Officer, General Hosital, Bundi, for permitting me to publish this Case Report.
References | | |
1. | Chatterjee, K.D., 1965, Parasitology, 5th Edition. |
2. | Duke-Elder S., 1952, Text Book of Ophthalomology, Vol. 4, p. 5473-76, Kimpton, London. |
3. | Handousa, Bey, A., 1951, Brit. J. Ophthal., 35 607. |
4. | Huilgol, A.V., 1963, J. All India Ophthal. Soc. 11 : 79. |
5. | Mazhar, M., 1954, Brit. J. Ophth., 38 :753. |
6. | Rapaport, M., et al., 1957, Rev. As. Med. Argent., 71 : 189. |
7. | Tonjum, A.M., 1963, Acta. Ophthal. 41:445. |
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