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| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 1987 | Volume
: 35
| Issue : 2 | Page : 79-81 |
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Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in retinoblastoma
OPS Maurya, R Singh, AK Rohatgi, PK Shukla
C-7 New Medical Enclave Naria, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India
Correspondence Address:
OPS Maurya
C-7 New Medical Enclave Naria, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
PMID: 3450623 
LDH estimation in aqueous and serum was carried out in 10 cases of retinoblastoma and 10 control cases (normal). LDH estimation was done by calorimetric method devised by King-Wooten (1964) (1). LDH levels were quite high in serum and aqueous in retinoblastoma, as compared to control cases LDH aqueous/serum ratio was significantly higher in retinoblastoma as compared to control
How to cite this article:
Maurya O, Singh R, Rohatgi A K, Shukla P K. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in retinoblastoma. Indian J Ophthalmol 1987;35:79-81 |
| Introduction | |  |
The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) analysis in clinical medicine was introduced in 1955. Since then its level has been found to be elevated in a variety of clinical conditions such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism and central nervous system neoplasms which show increased LDH in cerebrospinal fluid. Kyhlman and Kaufman [2] (1960) first estimated LDH level in aqueous humour of animals Witer [3] (1968) estimated LDH in aqueous humour of patients with malignant melanoma, dictyoma and retinal detachment In none of these patients did the aqueous humour LDH concentration exceeded the serum value. Dias et al. [4] (1971), first revealed that LDH Level in aqueous humour of patients with retinoblastoma is greater as compared to serum LDH of the same patient.
The present work has therefore carried out with the object of correlating relationship between serum LDH and aqueous LDH of patients with retinoblastoma.
| Materials and Methods | | |
In the present study lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was estimated in 10 cases of retinoblastoma and 10 normal cases as control Cases of both sexes were included, varying in age from 7 months to 70 years The cases were divided into 2 group.
Group - A: Control cases (Normal cases) Group - B : Retinoblastoma cases
Group - A (Control Cases)
These were the cases admitted in the Bhulika Eye Hospital for cataract or glaucoma. They did not have any ocular infection.
Group - B (Retinoblastoma Cases
These were the cases of retinoblastoma of varying stages who were admitted in the eye ward for surgery, with or without radiotherapy, or referred to the radiotherapy department when surgery was not feasible or when the patient had refused surgery.
In all these groups only those cases which did not suffer from diseases like myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, diseases of liver or systemic malignancy were included. Before proceeding further for detection of serum and aqueous LDH all these patients were subjected to detailed ocular examination including visual acuity with and without glasses, intraocular tension, biomicroscopic examination, and ophthalmoscopic examination. Routine investigations like TLC C DLC, Hb%, Blood sugar and stool examination were done Special investigations like X-ray of the skull, X-ray orbit X-ray optic foramina and biopsy were done.
Estimation of LDH in serum and aqueous was done by calorimetric method devised by KingWooton (1964) in the department of Pathology.
Result : LDH level in control cases (Group A)
The mean serum LDH was 139.5 ± 17.8 (IU/Litre ± &D) and mean aqueous humour LDH was 16.80 ± 10.59 (IU/Litre ± SD.). The aqueous/ serum ratio was 0.12 [Table - 1][Table - 2].
LDH level in Retinoblastoma (Group B)
The mean serum LDH level was 366.1 ± 49.74 (ICI/Litre ± S. D) and mean aqueous humour LDH was 210.0 ± 23.49 (ICI/Litre ± SD). The aqueous/serum ratio was 0.56 [Table - 1][Table - 2].
| Comments | | |
Although levels of LDH have been estimated in the aqueous humour of animals (Kuhlman and Kaufman, 1960), information regarding levels of LDH in the human aqueous humour seem to be scant Dias et al. (1971) estimated serum and aqueous LDH activity in four cases of retinoblastoma. In these, serum LDH activity was from 280 to 480 units/ 100 mL while aqueous humour LDH activity ranged from 1800 to 3250 units/100 ml. Their lowest value in aqueous in case of retinoblastoma was 6 times more than the highest value of aqueous humour LDH in non-malignant intraocular disorders.
Kaback and Romano (5) (1975) determined Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme in aqueous humour of retinoblastoma. They found no correlation between serum and aqueous humour LDH activity in retinoblastoma.
In the present study our observation shows that total LDH activity in serum as well as in aqueous is much higher in retinoblastoma cases as compared to control cases [Table - 1]. These observations are in complete agreement with the observation of Dias et al. This suggests that LDH activity in aqueous and serum is of diagnostic value in retinoblastoma.
The ratio of aqueous LDH concentration to serum LDH concentration was also determined Aqueous/ serum ratio was 0.56 in retinoblastoma cases while it was 0.12 in control cases These observations also tally with that of Swartz et al. (6) (1971) who have also demonstrated aqueous/ serum LDH ration to be quite high in the retinoblastoma group as compared to the non-neoplastic group.
| Summary | | |
LDH estimation in aqueous humour and serum was done in 10 normal cases and 10 cases of retinoblastoma The LDH estimation was done by calorimetric method devised by King-Wooton (1964). Total LDH activity in serum as well as aqueous is much higher in retinoblastoma cases as compared to control cases P value is < 0.001 for both serum and aqueous when the retinoblastoma cases were statistically compared with normal cases, meaning that it is highly significant The ratio of LDH concentration in aqueous to serum is more than 0.5 in normal cases.
Thus the estimation of LDH levels in aqueous humour and serum is an objective diagnostic adjunct in the diagnosis of retinoblastoma[6].
| References | | |
| 1. | King-Wooten, 1964: Microanalysis in Medical Biochemistry 4th Edition Churchill.  |
| 2. | Kuhlman, RE and Kaufman, RE, 1960: Arch. OphthalmoL 63: 41. |
| 3. | Witmer, R, 1968, New York Karger : 195. |
| 4. | Dias, P.LR,1971, Brit J. OphthalmoL 55: 130. |
| 5. | Kabak, J. and Tomano, RE, 1975, Brit J. Ophthalmol. 59: 268. |
| 6. | Swartz, M, Herbast, RW. and Goldberg, N.F., 1974: Amer : J. Ophthalmol 78: 622. |
[Table - 1], [Table - 2]
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