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| LETTER TO EDITOR |
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| Year : 2000 | Volume
: 48
| Issue : 2 | Page : 159 |
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An outbreak of acute conjunctivitis caused by Coxsackie virus A 24.
HN Madhavan, J Malathy, K Priya
Correspondence Address:
H N Madhavan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
PMID: 11116516 
Keywords: Antigens, Viral, analysis, Comparative Study, Conjunctiva, virology, Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic, diagnosis, epidemiology, virology, Coxsackievirus Infections, diagnosis, epidemiology,
How to cite this article:
Madhavan H N, Malathy J, Priya K. An outbreak of acute conjunctivitis caused by Coxsackie virus A 24. Indian J Ophthalmol 2000;48:159 |
Dear Editor:
Acute viral conjunctivitis, a highly infectious disease, caused by Adenoviruses, Enterovirus 70 (EV70) and Coxsackie virus A24 variant (Cox.A24) is a self-limiting condition with low morbidity. In Chennai, we recorded conjunctivitis caused by Adenovirus serotypes 4, 3 and 7a during July/August - December 1991, 1992-93 (extended to January, 1993) and 1996 respectively. [1, 2] During September-November, 1999, an outbreak of acute conjunctivitis occurred in Chennai. Sixteen patients with bilateral acute conjunctivitis among several reporting to Sankara Nethralya were virologically investigated for identifying the causative agent in their conjunctival specimens as described earlier by us.[2] The conjunctival smears were tested for the presence of. Adenovirus using rabbit anti-adenovirus antiserum (NIH, USA) and FITC conjugated swine anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (DAKO A/S, Denmark) and for EV70 and Cox A24 variant using monoclonal antibodies (Chemicon, USA) and FITC conjugated anti-mouse antiserum (DKO A/s, Denmark). Conjunctival specimens collected in Eagle's MEM were inoculated in 100ml amounts into Ver and Hep-2 cell monolayer cultures in test tubes. Adenovirus serotype 2 (ATTCC VR-846), EV70 (ATTC (B) VR-836) and Cox.A24 (ATTC VR-583) were inoculated into tissue cultures as positive controls, and uninoculated cell cultures were used as negative control. Adenovirus group specific and EV70 antigens were not detected in any of the smears nor were these viruses isolated in any of the specimens. Cox.A24 antigen was detected in 9 conjunctival smears and the virus was isolated from one of them. Common causative bacterial agents of conjunctivitis were excluded in the early stages of the epidemic. During 1996-1997, we detected Cox.A24 indirect smears in 4 sporadic cases of conjunctivitis. Our results suggest that the acute conjunctivitis outbreak during September-November, 1999 at Chennai was caused by Cox.A24. Epidemics of conjunctivitis due to this virus in India have been reported.[3-[5] The present outbreak subsided by late November, 1999.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Madhavan HN. Conjunctivitis and acute retinal inflammation - A review of virological investigations at Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai. Indian J Med Microbiol 1998;16:12-15.  |
| 2. | Dalapathy S, Therese KL, Roy S and Madhavan HN. Development and use of Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of adenovirus from conjunctivitis specimens. J Clin Virol 1998;11:77-84. |
| 3. | Christopher S, John TJ, Charles V and Ray S. Coxsackievirus virus A24 variant EH 24/70 in an epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis - a preliminary report. Indian J Med Res 1975;63:27-30. |
| 4. | Gogate SS and Padbidri VS. Studies on an outbreak of conjunctivitis in Bombay during 1979. Indian J Med Res 1981;24:257-59. |
| 5. | Bror S, Kishore J, Dogra V, Satpathy G and Seth P. An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by Coxsackie A 24 variant. Indian J Med Res 1992;95:253-55. |
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