• Users Online: 51928
  • Home
  • Print this page
  • Email this page

   Table of Contents      
PHOTO ESSAY
Year : 2020  |  Volume : 68  |  Issue : 10  |  Page : 2241-2243

Acquired tractional retinoschisis with giant outer – layer break underneath macula


1 Disha Eye Hospital, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
2 Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital, Protea Road, Lusaka, Zambia, East Africa, Zambia
3 Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital, 19, Cathedral Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Date of Submission10-Mar-2020
Date of Acceptance10-May-2020
Date of Web Publication23-Sep-2020

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Kshitiz Kumar
Vitreo-retina Consultant, DISHA Eye Hospital, Barrackpore, 88 (63A), Ghoshpara Road, Kolkata - 700 120, West Bengal
India
Login to access the Email id

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_461_20

Rights and Permissions
  Abstract 


Keywords: Inner – layer holes, outer – layer break, retinoschisis, schisis-detachment


How to cite this article:
Kumar K, Balasubramaniam S, Geetha CS, Agarwal A. Acquired tractional retinoschisis with giant outer – layer break underneath macula. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020;68:2241-3

How to cite this URL:
Kumar K, Balasubramaniam S, Geetha CS, Agarwal A. Acquired tractional retinoschisis with giant outer – layer break underneath macula. Indian J Ophthalmol [serial online] 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 28];68:2241-3. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ijo/pages/default.aspx/text.asp?2020/68/10/2241/295743



A 41-year-old female patient of Zambian nationality presented with right eye (RE) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) counting fingers ½ meters. Fundus showed clear media, neurosensory detachment with schisis-detachment (SD) with a large outer layer break (OLB) involving the macula. On fundus imaging using Zeiss Visucam camera, the OLB with underlying SD was roughly 5-6 DD in greatest linear dimension, had one edge of the break as scrolled band of tissue attached to the RPE superiorly above the arcade, whereas the other edge was lifted off and attached to inner retina inferiorly as a wavy yellow line. Adjacent to SD was localized retinal detachment upto the inferior arcade and little beyond. Supero-temporal to this schisis—retinal detachment (RD) complex were 3 large inner layer breaks 1-1.5 DD in size. The entire lesion was lifted by a band of fibrovascular tissue running supero – temporally and ending at parsplana [Figure 1]. No other pathologic finding was seen in the other parts of RE retina or in the left eye (LE) fundus. A diagnosis of acquired tractional retinoschisis as a sequelae of healed idiopathic peripheral occlusive vasculitis was made. Meticulous 25 gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was done with posterior hyaloid dissection followed by transection of fibrovascular band post cauterisation and then resection of inner schisis cavity was completed. Barrage endolaser around the lesion under perfluorocarbon liquid and silicone oil endotamponade was done to attach the retina [Figure 2]. Three weeks postsurgery foveal contour was good with complete re-attachment of inner – retinal layers. BCVA improved to 20/120 with + 3.5 DS. After 3 months, silicone oil removal was done. At final visit retina was stable with 20/120 BCVA in OD.
Figure 1: Fundus images of the right eye showing: (a) Montage image of central and supero – temporal quadrant showing the entire retinoschisis - schisis detachment - retinal detachment complex with tractional fibrovascular band, (b) posterior pole image, (c) 3 large inner layer breaks (red arrows), (d) extent of large outer layer breaks (blue arrows), (e) extent of schisis-detachment below the outer layer breaks (blue arrow) and (f) extent retinal detachment beyond schisis-detachment underneath macula

Click here to view
Figure 2: Intra operative photos captured on smartphone from TV monitor showing (a) Parsplana core vitrectomy, (b) Peripheral and shave vitrectomy, (c) endodiathermy to inner layer breaks and the fibrotic band, (d) trans-section of fibrotic band by cutter, (f) PFCL injection to flatten retina and (g) Barraged retinoschisis with flattened retina following silicone oil injection

Click here to view



  Discussion Top


Acquired retinoschisis (RS) is an abnormal splitting of neurosensory retina at the level of outer plexiform layer with a prevalence of 1.65% to 7%.[1],[2] OLB usually are round or oval and measure 1–3 disk diameters and have a prevalence of 11-24%.[3] Excluding this case, only 9 known instances of giant (>3DD) OLB have been reported in RS but none underneath macula.[4]

Schisis-detachment results from movement of schitic fluid through outer layer breaks to cause an area of localized retinal detachment. Mostly it is asymptomatic as the typical behavior of schisis-detachment is that only a limited amount of fluid passes into the subretinal space, probably because of the very viscid nature of the intracystic fluid. However, especially if very large outer layer break occurs, progressive retinal detachment results as evident in this case. The ratio of the occurrence of asymptomatic “schisis-detachment” to the progressive symptomatic variety which requires surgery is about 178 to 1.[3] RS with progressive, frank, RD is a rare complication affecting 1 in 2000 patients associated with breaks in both layers, or with only outer layer breaks.[1],[3] Surgical intervention in the form of PPV is indicated for RS with progressive RD and for SD with rare posterior extension of schitic fluid.[3] This case becomes atypical in its presentation by having a traction element to the RS-SD-RD complex, apart from a rare giant outer layer break underneath macula.

Declaration of patient consent

The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.



 
  References Top

1.
Byer NE. Long-term natural history study of senile retinoschisis with implications for management. Ophthalmology 1986;93:1127-37.  Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
Buch H, Vinding T, Nielsen NV. Prevalence and long-term natural course of retinoschisis among elderly individuals: The Copenhagen city eye study. Ophthalmology 2007;114:751-5.  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Byer NE. Perspectives on the management of the complications of senile retinoschisis. Eye 2002;16:359-64.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Giansanti F, Bitossi A, Giacomelli G, Abbruzzese G, Giuntoli M, Menchini U. Acquired retinoschisis with giant outer layer break and retinal detachment. Eur J Ophthalmol 2013;23:761-3.  Back to cited text no. 4
    


    Figures

  [Figure 1], [Figure 2]



 

Top
 
 
  Search
 
    Similar in PUBMED
   Search Pubmed for
   Search in Google Scholar for
 Related articles
    Access Statistics
    Email Alert *
    Add to My List *
* Registration required (free)  

 
  In this article
Abstract
Discussion
References
Article Figures

 Article Access Statistics
    Viewed1140    
    Printed50    
    Emailed0    
    PDF Downloaded70    
    Comments [Add]    

Recommend this journal