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PHOTO ESSAY |
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Year : 2020 | Volume
: 68
| Issue : 8 | Page : 1652-1654 |
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Simultaneous choroidal and conjunctival metastases from renal cell carcinoma
An-Ning Chao1, Bayardo Perez-Ordonez2, Mostafa Hanout3, Kalpana Rose3, Hatem Krema3
1 Princess Margaret Cancer Center/University Health Network, Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 2 Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada 3 Princess Margaret Cancer Center/University Health Network, Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Date of Submission | 21-Nov-2019 |
Date of Acceptance | 25-Feb-2020 |
Date of Web Publication | 24-Jul-2020 |
Correspondence Address: Dr. Hatem Krema Ocular Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/UHN, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9 Canada
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2158_19
Keywords: Carcinoma, choroid, metastasis, renal
How to cite this article: Chao AN, Perez-Ordonez B, Hanout M, Rose K, Krema H. Simultaneous choroidal and conjunctival metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020;68:1652-4 |
A 50-year-old male patient was referred for an assessment of a choroidal lesion in the right eye. He also noticed a rapidly growing caruncle lesion about 2 weeks prior to his visit. His medical history was remarkable for metastatic diseases from clear cell renal carcinoma 1 year before.
On ophthalmic evaluation, his visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Anterior segment examination of the right eye showed a red protruding mass at the caruncle [Figure 1]. Dilated fundus examination demonstrated an amelanotic choroidal lesion at the inferior temporal arcade [Figure 2]. Ultrasound examination identified a dome-shaped choroidal tumor, with medium internal reflectivity [Figure 3]. The left eye examination was normal. The caruncle tumor was excised totally. Histopathological examination revealed nests of clear cells with abundant cytoplasm, which confirmed a metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) [Figure 4]. The right eye was treated with radiotherapy in addition to the second line of systemic targeted therapy. There is no recurrence of conjunctival tumor or choroidal tumors 18 months after treatment [Figure 5]. | Figure 1: Anterior segment examination of the right eye showed a red protruding mass at caruncle
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| Figure 2: Dilated fundus examination demonstrated an amelanotic choroidal lesion measuring 5 mm in diameter at inferior temporal fundus
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| Figure 3: Ultrasound examination revealed a domed shaped choroidal tumor, 2.9 mm in thickness with variable internal reflectivity
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| Figure 4: The histopathological examination of the excised caruncle tumor revealed nests of clear cells with abundant cytoplasm, which was conclusive of a metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the caruncle
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Discussion | | |
Choroidal metastasis from RCC accounts for only 3% of all choroidal metastases.[1],[2],[3] There were only three cases of conjunctival metastasis from RCC reported in the literature.[4],[5] Two cases presented with a unilateral conjunctival mass as the first presentation of RCC. The third case presented with bilateral choroidal metastases from RCC and developed bilateral conjunctival metastases 6 months later.
This is a patient who has an advanced stage of RCC, which is refractory to first-line targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The biopsy of the tumor at caruncle confirmed the nature of the intraocular tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to describe concurrent conjunctival and choroidal metastases from RCC, which may represent a more aggressive phenotype of RCC, and requires close monitoring of advanced disease.
Declaration of patient consent
The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
References | | |
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2. | Arepalli S, Kaliki S, Shields CL. Choroidal metastases: Origin, features, and therapy. Indian J Ophthalmol 2015;63:122-7. [ PUBMED] [Full text] |
3. | Sountoulides P, Metaxa L, Cindolo L. Atypical presentations and rare metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma: A review of case reports. J Med Case Rep 2001;5:429. |
4. | Pompeu AC, Arap S, Silva MN, Monteiro DS. Ocular metastasis as first presentation of renal cell carcinoma: Report of 2 cases. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2005;60:75-8. |
5. | Rodney AJ, Gombos DS, Fuller GN, Pagliaro LC, Tannir NM. Choroidal and conjunctival metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol 2009;32:448-9. |
[Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4], [Figure 5]
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