Twenty patients with Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were subjected to applanation tonometry and Corneal Thickness measurement to ascertain (i) the change in central & peripheral corneal thickness and (ii) effect of Intra Ocular Pressure on these corneal changes. Twenty age and sex matched controls also underwent similar investigation. It was observed that both the mean Intra Ocular Pressure and the corneal thickness (both Peripheral Corneal Thickness and Central Corneal Thickness] of the affected eye showed statistically significant reduction (P 0.001) when compared to Intra Ocular Pressure and Corneal Thickness changes of fellow-eyes and eyes of control subjects. In addition to these even the fellow eyes which had normal Intra Ocular Pressure, showed statistically low Central Corneal Thickness measurement, when compared with controls. In view of the above observation and reduction in Corneal Thickness measurement, the present study indicates generalised corneal changes in Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment unrelated to intraocular pressure.

Classical forms of diabetic maculopathy are well-known. We observed various macular pathologies in the form of macular stippling, retinal pigment epithelial defects, colloids & disciform lesions all in NIDDM patients, 70% of whom were uncontrolled on therapy. These patients did not present with any of the classical changes suggestive of diabetic retinopathy, and we have grouped them as cases with 'Diabetic Non-Diabetic Maculopathy' - DNDM.

Blue field entoptoscopy was performed in 50 consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy. Several statistically significant correlations were obtained. The number of "flying corpuscles" was reduced in eyes harboring a vitreous hemorrhage, and in severe and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. On the other hand, patients with a history of focal or panretinal photocoagulation had better corpuscle counts than patients who had never received any treatment. It appears therefore, that argon laser photocoagulation is beneficial in preserving the blue field entoptic phenomenon.

Recovery time after dazzling the macula by conventional electronic flash used by the photographer instead of the light of an ophthalmoscope was recorded in 100 normal subjects and 50 cases of active central serous retinopathy. In normal subjects the recovery time after macular dazzling test was 10 to 54 seconds. There was no difference in value between the two sexes. The recovery value increases with the advancement of age. The recovery time was 10 to 15 minutes in cases of active central serous retinopathy and there was no delay in recovery time in healed central serous retinopathy. The values elicited by electronic flash were repeatable in comparison to the technique of dazzling the macula by light of an ophthalmoscope.

Filtering surgery for glaucoma usually controls the intraocular pressure adequately. However, in glaucoma patients with aphakia, neovascularisation of iris, previous failed filtering surgeries and relatively young patients, results of surgery leave much scope for improvement. Most failures of filtering surgery are related to extra-ocular factors. Histopathological studies of eyes after failed filtering operations have suggested that proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen constitute a barrier to filteration. There is also a positive correlation between success of filtering surgery and inhibition of fibroblast growth by the patients aqueous humour. Thus agents inhibiting fibroblast proliferation should play an important role in increasing the success rate of filtering surgery. 5 Fluorouracil is a pyrimidine analogue which has been utilised for over 15 years as an antimetabolite in cancer therapy. Its efficiency in inhibiting fibroblast proliferation in vitro and in rabbit eyes has been proved beyond doubt. We undertook a pilot project to estimate the efficiency of the subconjunctival 5 FU to increase the changes of success in problematic cases of glaucoma in pigmented eyes.

Aetiological diagnosis of anterior uveitis was made clinically and substantiated with relevant investigations. Aqueous humour obtained under aseptic conditions, was analyzed for the cells study, culture and protein profile, using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were analysed with the help of known clinical facts. Culture and smears were invariably negative, while the lymphocytes were present in varying numbers, polymorphs and macrophages afforded a useful clue for confirmatory diagnosis. The electrophoretic pattern of the proteins was related to the duration of the disease and was same in a group while it was distinctive among different groups of anterior uveitis.

30 patients with epiphora and related complaints were investigated by Radionuclide Dacrocystography. It was possible to do this procedure easily in all age groups. The site of block in the lacrimal system could be accurately determined by this non-invasive technique.

We examined 23 consecutive cases of unilateral aphakia reporting to the contact lens office for endothelial count and morphology, corneal thickness and toricity. The fellow eye served as a control in all the cases. It was found that there is a significant drop in the central endothelial cell density, and change in the size and shape of the cells. These observations indicate a thermodynamically unstable state. The aphakic corneas were thicker than the controls but not to a significant extent. The cell count and pachymetry had no statistical correlation. Toricity of the aphakic corneas make successful fitting of a lens difficult. Since prolonged use of extended wear gas permeable as well as hydrogel lenses have a deleterious effect on the endothelium it is suggested that a careful case selection be made and strict monitoting carried out at follow up. These corneas are liable for decompensation with only mild noxious stimuli. This article is intended to acquaint the ophthalmologist with the pitfalls in aphakic contact lens fitting so that a cautious follow up may be planned.

Povidone iodine was found highly effective in controlling the infection and reducing the period of morbidity caused by experimentally produced staphylococcal coagulase positive corneal ulcers in 50 eyes of rabbits in comparison to Gentamycin sulphate. Povidone-iodine was also found to be safe, without any adverse reaction. Hence it can be considered for use in human beings for effective control of corneal infections.

Vernal ulcer is a rare entity not reported in Indian ophthalmic literature. 76 patients in the age group ranging from 3-43 years diagnosed as having vernal conjunctivitis had been referred from general ophthalmology clinic to cornea service of the same institute during 1988-89. Among them 60 were males and 16 were females. 55 of the 76 patients had corneal involvement in the form of vernal keratitis or vernal ulcer. 16 had typical vernal ulcers. vernal ulcer was found more in the palpebral type of vernal conjunctivitis and affects males more frequently. One patient had an inferior vernal ulcer. It also occurred in the bulbar type of spring catarrh.

Unilateral ocular myasthenia gravis is being reported. He had significant involvement of one eye with no involvement of the fellow eye.

An unique case of Orbilot varix, followed up for five years, developed phleboliths. Venography and operated specimen of the phleboliths is presented.

A case of unilateral proptosis in a patient of acute myelocytic leukaemia is being reported for its rarity.

A case of orbitofrontal fibrous dysplasia with optic canal involvement is reported. Surgical excision of the mass with unroofing of the optic canal followed by orbito-cranian reconstruction by methyl methacrylate gave excellent results.