A total of 319 cases of ocular injuries were examined in a period of 3 years by us. Out of these only 108 cases needed hospitalization. The total incidence among patients attending the ophthalmic O.P.D. was 1.43%. The patients had many different modes of injuries and the ocular tissue involved differed in many ways but notably injuries among stone crushers were in abundance (157 cases) in this region The injuries lead to partial blindness in 52.3% and total blindness in 11.6% of cases

Two hundred and thirty eight newly born infants were subjected to fundus examination in the first 5 hours of labour then daily till discharge from the hospital then weekly till complete absorption of retinal haemorrhages The 238 infants were 23 delivered by caesarean section, 90 with spontaneous vaginal delivery,45 babies (over3.5 kgm) delivered vaginallyand80 delivered by vacuum extraction. It was found that 37.39% of the newborns had retinal haemorrhages. The incidence, type and severity of retinal haemorrhages were related to the extent of obstetric trauma during birth. They were least with caesarean section. (4.35%), more in babies with spontaneous vaginal delivery (20%), more higher in infants over 3.5 kgm birth weight (33.33%) and maximum in vacuum extraction deliveries (68.75%). A good correlation was made between the site and duration of cup application, level and rate of increase of negative pressure, the presence and size of cephalhematoma and the incidence and severity of retinal haemorrhages A good choice of cases as well as good control of the technique of vacuum extraction will minimize the incidence and severity of retinal haemorrhages in the new born.

Contact ultrasonography done in 175 recent and old traumatized eyes in presence of opaque ocular media is described and analysed. Ultrasonography is useful in detecting cataract cyclitic membrane, vitreous haemorrhage, retinal detachment, retained intra ocular foreign body, globe rapture and endophthalmitis Its ability to differentiate between fresh and old vitreous haemorrhage, to differentiate uncomplicated retinal detachment from retinal detachment with advanced grades of proliferative vitro retinopathy (grade C & D) helps in predicting possible prognosis too, in addition to proper planning and execution of surgery.

Four cases of recurrent abscess of the ocular adnexa with retained intra orbital foreign body are reported The peculiar feature is that there was no ocular injury in spite of the large size and abnormal structure of the impacted intra orbital foreign bodies retained for a long period of time.

Twelve cases of magnetic intra ocular foreign bodies in the posterior segment extracted through the pars plana during 1984 to 1985 have been analysed in detail. Besides removal of the intra ocular foreign bodies, some cases required multiple procedures like lensectomy, vitrectomy and laser photocoagulation to regain and retain useful vision. Of the 12 patients 8 regained good and useful vision.

The results of levator resection in a large series of traumatic ptosis are reported. The various important points in the assessment of a case of traumatic ptosis alongwith the problems in the surgery are highlighted. The skin approach levator resection was the method of choice in these cases The guidelines regarding the amount of levator resection and the placement of the lid margin in relation to the limbus on the operation table are given. Overcorrection does not seem to be a major problem if the average waiting period before the surgery is of 6 months duration. It is better to err on an overcorrection side as recessing the levator is easier than resection of levator for under correction.

Even today, two years after Bhopal Gas Tragedy thousands of victims continue to suffer from a chronic form of illness with clinical manifestation indicating multisystem involvement This study has been done to evaluate the sequalae of acute ocular lesion of Methyl-Isocyanate gas disaster. In this study 2280 patients who had an active lesion on the exposure of Methyl-isocyanate gas were picked up from the affected area. Another2000 were taken from unaffected area of Bhopal city of the same social status for the purpose of control group.

This study was undertaken to find out the incidence of Open Angle Glaucoma (OAG) in the sibs and children of glaucoma patients and to determine the hereditary nature. An attempt was made to estimate the magnitude of risk of developing this disease in family of the affected patients. It was found from this study that out of 65 cases of adult family members with open angle glaucoma. 26.6% cases had positive hereditary history. Among 263 children and sibling of patients with known glaucoma 79 members had this disease and 14 new cases were detected. This findings demonstrate the need for adequate screening of the sibling and children of known cases of open angle glaucoma as they comprised high risk population. The risk was 10 times higher than that of general population.

The present study was conducted to study the topical steroid response in glaucoma suspects and family members of established glaucoma patients and its hereditary pattern The cases understudy were divided into three groups, namely normal (25 cases), suspected open angle glaucoma cases (20) and family members of established open angle glaucoma cases (33). After preliminary examination each patient was advised to put dexamethasone drop 1 % in one eye and a placebo in other eye. The IOP was noted after three weeks It was found that 80% of all eyes under study showed a rise in IOP after use of topical dexamethasone. The highest mean IOP was found in primary open angle glaucoma suspects, and the highest mean post-corticosteroid rise in IOP of 8.91 mm Hg was found among family members of established open angle glaucoma patients. The lOP response to topical corticosteroids was found to be of three phenotypical types viz., poor responders (nn), moderate responders (ng) and high responders (gg). Normal subjects were generally poor responders. Suspected open angle glaucoma cases were generally high responders. However, family members of established open angle glaucoma cases showed the highest percentage of presence of responder gene.

This paper reports on the results of a comparative study between pilocarpine 2%, Guanethidine 1 % & adrenaline 0.5% combination over a 6 months period with each formulation. The guanethidine/-adrenaline formulation was found to be the more effective hypotensive agent of two. This study confirms the potentiating effect of adding guanethidine to adrenaline & suggests that this combination would be a useful alternative treatment to pilocarpine 2% used alone

In the present series an effort has been made to present cases of advanced glaucoma of different varieties treated with Cyclo-cryo therapy. It has been demonstrated that 76.9% of the eyes, are relieved of glaucoma easily by either single or a repeat therapy. Hypotony seen in 11.6% has been the worst complications.

160 Patients of leprosy with or without visual disability were submitted to various surgical procedures as prophylatic or curative measures The various procedures undertaken included cataract surgery, ectropion correction, trabeculectomy tarsorrhaphy and kerato­plasty. The utility of repositioning of pupil achieved by xenon arc photocoagulation for cases of centrally situated corneal opacity has been introduced with encouraging results Such a procedure is of particularly benefit in patients who are poor risk for keratoplasty. Surgery in leprosy offers a new hope to patients with advanced ocular complications due to this crippling disease.

A rare case probably the first to be reported of pigmented squamous cell papilloma arising from the lower lid is presented.

Herpes Zoster Maxillaris in an adult is being reported He had varicella infection in his adolescence.

A case of unusual intra orbital foreign body (split piece of bamboo stick) entering the orbit through the medial canthus involving the caruncle and plica but otherwise sparing the anterior segment of the eye, but producing vitreous haemorrhages and oedema of the disc is reported The foreign body was removed and there was no diplopia or limitation of movement and vision improved to 6/24 without glasses.